Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints. It is a systemic disease, meaning that it can affect other parts of the body, such as the skin, eyes, and lungs.
What are the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?
The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can vary from person to person. However, some of the most common symptoms include:
- Joint pain: The pain is usually symmetrical, meaning that it affects the same joints on both sides of the body. The pain is usually worse in the morning and after inactivity.
- Joint stiffness: The joints may feel stiff, especially in the morning or after inactivity.
- Joint swelling: The joints may become swollen, red, and warm to the touch.
- Loss of function: The joints may become stiff and swollen, making it difficult to use them.
- Fatigue: People with rheumatoid arthritis may feel tired all the time.
- Fever: People with rheumatoid arthritis may have a low-grade fever.
- Rash: People with rheumatoid arthritis may develop a rash on the back of their hands or feet.
What causes rheumatoid arthritis?
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not known. However, it is thought to be an autoimmune disease, meaning that the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. This causes inflammation and damage to the joints.
How is rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed?
Your doctor will diagnose rheumatoid arthritis based on your medical history, your symptoms, and a physical examination. Your doctor may also order blood tests and imaging tests, such as X-rays or an MRI, to confirm the diagnosis.
How is rheumatoid arthritis treated?
There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis, but there are treatments that can help relieve your symptoms and improve your function. Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis may include:
- Medications: There are a variety of medications that can help relieve the pain and inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. These medications include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
- Physical therapy: Physical therapy can help improve your range of motion, strength, and flexibility.
- Occupational therapy: Occupational therapy can help you adapt your daily activities to accommodate your RA.
- Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve the pain and improve the function of your joints.
What is the prognosis for rheumatoid arthritis?
The prognosis for rheumatoid arthritis varies from person to person. However, most people with rheumatoid arthritis are able to manage their symptoms and live active lives. With proper treatment, most people with rheumatoid arthritis are able to avoid serious complications.